HomeBrew

2023年03月25日

柏拉文

越努力，越幸运

一、认识

---

Homebrew

二、安装

---

1. 创建一个名为 install_homebrew.sh 的脚本

#!/bin/bash

set -e  # 遇到错误时停止脚本执行

# 定义变量
BREW_INSTALL_URL="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh"
BREW_BIN_PATH_ARM64="/opt/homebrew/bin/brew"  # Homebrew 默认安装路径 for Apple Silicon
BREW_BIN_PATH_INTEL="/usr/local/bin/brew"     # Homebrew 默认安装路径 for Intel Macs
ARCH=$(uname -m)

# 检查 Homebrew 是否已安装
if command -v brew &> /dev/null; then
    echo "Homebrew 已经安装。"
    exit 0
fi

# 根据芯片类型设置 Homebrew 路径
if [[ "$ARCH" == "arm64" ]]; then
    BREW_BIN_PATH="$BREW_BIN_PATH_ARM64"
    echo "检测到 Apple Silicon (M1) 芯片，将安装 Homebrew 到 /opt/homebrew"
else
    BREW_BIN_PATH="$BREW_BIN_PATH_INTEL"
    echo "检测到 Intel 芯片，将安装 Homebrew 到 /usr/local"
fi

# 安装 Homebrew
echo "Installing Homebrew..."
/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL $BREW_INSTALL_URL)"

# 验证安装
if ! command -v brew &> /dev/null; then
    echo "Homebrew 安装失败。"
    exit 1
fi

echo "Homebrew 安装成功。"

# 确定配置文件
CONFIG_FILE=""
if [[ -f "$HOME/.zshrc" ]]; then
    CONFIG_FILE="$HOME/.zshrc"
elif [[ -f "$HOME/.bashrc" ]]; then
    CONFIG_FILE="$HOME/.bashrc"
elif [[ -f "$HOME/.bash_profile" ]]; then
    CONFIG_FILE="$HOME/.bash_profile"
else
    echo "未找到 .zshrc, .bashrc 或 .bash_profile 配置文件。请手动配置 PATH。"
    exit 1
fi

# 添加 Homebrew 到 PATH
echo "Configuring PATH for Homebrew in $CONFIG_FILE..."

# 检查是否已配置
if grep -q "$BREW_BIN_PATH" "$CONFIG_FILE"; then
    echo "Homebrew path already present in $CONFIG_FILE."
else
    echo "export PATH=\"$BREW_BIN_PATH:\$PATH\"" >> "$CONFIG_FILE"
    echo "Homebrew path added to $CONFIG_FILE."
fi

# 提示重新加载配置文件
echo "To apply the changes, please reload your shell configuration by running: source $CONFIG_FILE"

echo "Script execution completed successfully!"

# 自动重新加载配置文件（可选）
# shellcheck disable=SC1090
source "$CONFIG_FILE"

2. 赋予脚本可执行权限

chmod +x install_homebrew.sh

3. 执行脚本，安装 Docker

./install_homebrew.sh

三、操作

---

3.1 搜索工具

brew search nginx

3.2 安装工具

brew install nginx

3.3 卸载工具

brew uninstall nginx

3.4 更新工具

brew update 更新Homebrew自己，它会抓取新的软件包列表，并将Homebrew自己升级到最新版本。

brew update

brew upgrade 将所有已经安装的软件包更新到最新版本。

brew upgrade

brew upgrade [package] 只更新指定软件包的版本。

brew upgrade nginx

3.5 工具列表

brew list

3.6 工具信息

brew info nginx

3.7 安装扩展

brew 有个默认的仓库，brew tap 你可以看成是第三方的仓库。

brew tap <gihhub_user/repo>

3.8 显示扩展

brew ls-taps

3.9 切换镜像源

• 切换中科大源

  # 替换brew.git:
  cd "$(brew --repo)"
  git remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/brew.git
  
  # 替换homebrew-core.git:
  cd "$(brew --repo)/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core"
  git remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git
  
  # 替换homebrew-cask.git:
  cd "$(brew --repo)/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-cask"
  git remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-cask.git
  
  # 应用生效
  brew update
  # 替换homebrew-bottles:
  echo 'export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles' >> ~/.bash_profile (或者 .zshrc)
  source ~/.bash_profile (或者 .zshrc)

• 切换官方源

  # 替换brew.git:
  cd "$(brew --repo)"
  git remote set-url origin https://github.com/Homebrew/brew.git
  
  # 替换homebrew-core.git:
  cd "$(brew --repo)/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core"
  git remote set-url origin https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core.git
  
  # 替换homebrew-cask.git:
  cd "$(brew --repo)/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-cask"
  git remote set-url origin https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-cask.git
  
  # 应用生效
  brew update
  
  # 删除.bash_profile变量
  vim  ~/.bash_profile (或者 .zshrc)
  # 删除如下变量
  # export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles
  
  # 执行更新
  source ~/.bash_profile (或者 .zshrc)

• 切换阿里源

  cd "$(brew --repo)"
  
  git remote set-url origin https://mirrors.aliyun.com/homebrew/brew.git
  
  cd "$(brew --repo)/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core"
  
  git remote set-url origin https://mirrors.aliyun.com/homebrew/homebrew-core.git
  
  echo 'export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/homebrew/homebrew-bottles' >> ~/.bash_profile (或者 .zshrc)
  source ~/.bash_profile （或者 .zshrc）

四、问题

---

4.1 brew --version 时提示 fatal: unsafe repository ('/opt/homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core' is owned by someone else)**

Preview

解决方法: 按提示直接输入下列命令

git config --global --add safe.directory /opt/homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core
git config --global --add safe.directory /opt/homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-cask